What kind of pollution does MARPOL Annex II address?

MARPOL Annex II specifically addresses pollution from noxious liquid substances (NLS). This annex sets out regulations concerning the discharge of harmful liquid substances carried in bulk, aiming to minimize pollution that could negatively impact the marine environment. It categorizes different substances based on their potential harm to marine life and ecosystems, establishing criteria for their disposal and transportation to reduce environmental risks.

While other options relate to important environmental concerns, they fall under different MARPOL annexes. For example, pollution from oily water is covered under Annex I, whereas plastic pollution is addressed by the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Annex V. Air pollution from ship engines is primarily regulated by Annex VI, which focuses on limiting the emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and other pollutants.